It still has not been clarified without doubt when the Roman Republic actually began. History experts date it to approx. 509 – 475 BC. The republic replaced the Roman Kingdom and was basically an aristocracy although it had several democratic aspects.
In its late phase, the republic was heavily influenced by the escalating dispute between the optimates and populares parties. Civil wars, triumvirates and dictatorships threw the republic into chaos.
The republic came to an end and the Roman Empire was born with the foundation of the Roman Principate in 27 BC by Octavian, who held the title Augustus since then.
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